The only exception is that ordinary surfaces that are spherically symmetric do obey the first law.Īs the scientists explain, the finding that stretched horizons obey the first law is not surprising, since these surfaces inherit much of their behavior from the nearby horizons. Their results reveal that, while surfaces near black holes (called stretched horizons) do obey the first law, ordinary surfaces-including holographic screens-generally do not. In the new paper, the scientists tested whether different kinds of surfaces obey an analogue of the first law of thermodynamics, which is a special form of energy conservation.
However, so far these conjectures have not been fully justified. More recently, surfaces that are not horizons have been conjectured to obey the laws of thermodynamics, with the holographic screens in the emergent gravity theory being one example. This means that black hole horizons obey thermodynamic principles such as energy conservation and having a positive temperature and entropy. For black hole horizons, this has been known since the 1970s, since the very laws that define black hole mechanics are directly analogous to the laws of thermodynamics. Some of these surfaces, such as the horizons of black holes and other objects, are confirmed to be thermodynamic. In the cosmological context, surfaces refer generally to any two-dimensional area in spacetime. We've set them back, not necessarily knocked them out." "That last claim is now knocked on its head by our work, so emergent gravity proponents will have their work cut out for themselves in showing consistency with the huge canon of observational results. "Emergent gravity has very strong claims: that it can explain things like dark matter and dark energy, but also reproduce the decades of work coming out of regular general relativity," Wang told. Braunstein, a professor of quantum computational science at the University of York in the UK, have published their paper on non-thermodynamic surfaces in a recent issue of Nature Communications. Zhi-Wei Wang, a physicist at Jilin University in Changchun, China, and Samuel L.
Emergent gravity has received its share of criticism, however, and a new paper adds to this by showing that the holographic screen surfaces described by the theory do not actually behave thermodynamically, undermining a key assumption of the theory.
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